Cover — The Price of Thinking

AI, explained by economics. A short book by Allan Pedersen.

The confusing parts of the AI story — the half-trillion-dollar spending spree, the hype, the job fears, the chip wars — become legible through the ordinary tools of a first economics course: supply and demand, production, cost, competition, externalities. Each of the fifteen short chapters opens with one concrete puzzle from the news and resolves it with one economic tool, ending with a “What to watch” list of indicators you can check yourself and a “Dig deeper” list of sources. The numbers (marked “as of mid-2026”) will date; the way of thinking, we believe, will not.

This book was written with substantial AI assistance under the author's direction and editorial control — see the disclosure in the front matter.

Contents

  1. · Front matter 3 min
  2. 1 Why economics explains AI better than computer science does 6 min
  3. 2 Supply, demand and the price of thinking 6 min
  4. 3 The AI production function: compute, data, talent, power 7 min
  5. 4 Costs: why intelligence is expensive to make and almost free to copy 6 min
  6. 5 Market structure: from one chipmaker to a handful of model-makers 6 min
  7. 6 Strategy and game theory: the race 6 min
  8. 7 Work: tasks, not jobs 6 min
  9. 8 Productivity and growth: the trillion-dollar question 6 min
  10. 9 The boom: investment, bubbles and what is left after one 6 min
  11. 10 Who wins: distribution and inequality 6 min
  12. 11 Information: markets in the age of infinite content 6 min
  13. 12 Who pays? Externalities, commons and public goods 7 min
  14. 13 Regulating a moving target 6 min
  15. 14 Trade, chips and the new mercantilism 6 min
  16. 15 The far horizon: economics when machines can do everything 7 min